Sunday, March 2, 2014

Social Sciences: vocabulary unit 6

The economic organization of society

Economic activity: the different processes involved in the production and consumption of goods and services.
Economic agent: a person, group or institution involved in the economy.
Goods: tangible economic products.
Services: economic activities that are intangible.
Production: and activity that provides goods and services for consumption.
Distribution: the marketing, delivery and sale of goods and services.
Marketing: the act of researching, promoting and advertising a product or service in order to sell it.
Consumption: the use of a product or service to satisfy needs or desires.
Supply: availability of something for use or sale.
Demand: the desire to own something in the market and the willingness to pay  for it.
Inflation: a rise in a general level of prices of goods and services in the economy or a decrease in value of the purchasing power of money.
Profit: the monetary gain of a business after all expenses have been met.
Tax: a monetary contribution to the government required of people, groups, or business.
Raw material: is the basic material from which goods, finished products or intermediate materials are made.
Telecommuting: the use of home computers, telephones, etc. to enable a person to work from home.
Employer: type of worker who are the proprietors or administrators of the companies.
Employee: type of worker who carry out their work in exchange for a salary.
Self-employed: is the act of generating one's income directly from customers, clients or other organizations.
Active population: people between 16-67 years old that are employed, unemployed or looking for their first job.
Inactive population: people under 16 years old or above 67 years old, students, retired or disable people.
Disabled: people with one or more mental or/and physical impairments.
Retired: person that has left his/her work because is 67 or more years old.
Full-time contracts: work a minimum hours.(five eight-hours days)
Part-time contracts: work a few hours per week.

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