Vocabulary units 2 & 3

Unit 2: Natural disasters

Spreed: esparcirse
Ash: cenizas
Mud: lodo
Crowd: mucha gente
Masive!: something terrible
Gas leak: escape de gas
Wiped out : arrasó
Steam: vapor
Failure: fracaso
Casual: comfortable
Broadcaster: reportero
To bled: to put together
Earthquake doill: simulacro de terremoto
Complaid: quejarse
Food supplies (non perishable): food that don't go bad.
Shelter: cobijo
Tub: bañera
Bruise: herida
Sway: cimbrear
Break out: empezar(un fuego)
Put out: apagar (un fuego)

To be fond of= like very much
Run the risk=put yourself in danger
They burned down to a crisp: quedar reducido a cenizas


Unit 3 : Against the law

Kidnapped: raptados
Drugdealers: Traficante de drogas
Hijack: secuestro de avión
Burglar: ladrón
Crew: tripulación
Scam: estafa
Gang: banda
Murder: asesinato
Ransom: rescate
Mug: atracar
Gas pipes: tuberías de gas

Manage to (verb): conseguir con mucho esfuerzo

Trip to Austria

Here, the power point. I hope you liked it.

Vocabulary

CLASS

-Pedestrian crossing: zebra crossing

-Sniffing: oler

-"When in Roma, do as romans do": Donde fueres, haz lo que vieres.

-Actually: realmente

-Nowadays: actualmente

-Pins the blame: echar la culpa

-Blur: borroso

-Foggy: nublado

TRAVEL

-Baggage claim: carrusel (aeropuerto)                         -Blanket: manta

-Luggage: maletas                                                      -Carry-on: equipaje de mano

-Recline: tumbarte                                                      -Board: embarcar

-Safe and sound: sanos y salvos

-Taking time off from work: tomarse unos días

-Travel arrangements: lo que necesitas para viajar

-Hotel: hotel (more expensive)

-Motel: motel( medium)

-Hostel: hostal (cheaper)

AMERICAN ENGLISH (CALIFORNIA)
-Living it up: living well or enjoying 

-Railways: carriles/vías

-Sprouts:brotes(planta)

-Dome:cúpula

-Hood: short for neighborhood

-Dude: you(colega)

-Alrighty: okey

-That's hecka cool: very cool

-Yo, let's bail!: pirarte

-Call you out: llamar la atención

-That burrito is so bomb!: very good

-Bro, why you putting me on blast? : to embarras someone in public "me estás dejando en ridículo"
-Super awesome!: something is great
-To rock: wear something with style
-Something heavy: very sad

Cultural Differences

Examples:

-Shaking the head in a horizontal direction in most countries means "no", while in India it means "yes"

-In the UK, Irleand and Commonwealth countries, the word "compromise" has a positive meaning ( as a consent, an agreement where both parties win something) in the USA it may rather have negative connotations (as both parties lose something)

Links:
http://www.cicb.net/en/home/examples

A new year has started

Hello everyone :)
The year has started we have a lot of things to do and I'm glad to be with all my classmates again :D
I think this year will be great, so let's make the most of it.
I hope we learn a lot and we improve our vocabulary and pronuntiation, so...

GET ON WITH IT!

Social Sciences: Glossary unit 10

THE SPANISH ECONOMY

Cereals: Grasses grown for the edible components of their grain.
Mortgage: A loan to finance the purchase of private residential or commercial property.
Speculation: Investment in stocks, property or other assets in the hope of gain, but with the risk of loss.
Crop: A cultivated plant to be harvested as food, animal fodder, fuel or for any other economic purpose.
Agricultural landscape: A landscape that has been transformed by people to cultivate crops and/or rear livestock.
Cultural heritage: The things, places and practices that define who we are as individuals, as communities, as nations or cultures.
Domestic tourism: Tourism in which tourists do not leave their own country.
Large-scale tourism: Travel and accommodation offered to large groups at affordable prices by tour operators.
Tour operators: A company that combines tour and travel components to cater for large-scale tourism.
High-speed rail: A type of rail transport involving high-speed trains.
Peak season: the season when travel is most active and rates are highest.
Off-peak season: The season when travel is less active and rates are lower.
Recession: A business cycle contraction; a general slowdown in economic activity.

Social Sciences: Glossary unit 9

THE TERTIARY SECTOR

Freight: goods or produce transported by ship, aircraft, train, lorry or van.
Capital flows: the large amounts of money being moved around the world.
Exports: goods or services that are sold outside the country where they are produced.
Imports: goods or services that are brought into a country from abroad for sale.
Balance of trade: the difference between the monetary value of exports and the imports of a country.
Balance of payments: is a record of all monetary transactions between a country and the rest of the world that includes goods, services and capital.
Retail: a type of trade in which businesses sell small quantities of goods directly to consumers.
Wholesale: trade in wich buyers purchase large quantities of goods and sell them, in smaller quantities, to other companies.
Trade bloc: a group of countries that join together to form an area with special trade regulations.
Transport network: the connection of roads, railway lines, ports or airports that facilatate the transport of goods and/or people.
Market: the meeting of buyers and sellers of goods and services. Market can be tangible or abstract and it decides the price of goods and services.
Infrastructure: the basic physical and organisational structures needed for an economy to function.
Trade: the buying and selling of goods to meet the needs of the population.
Bartering: an old form of trade, where you exchange certain goods for others.
Tourism: a sector dedicated to travel for recreational, leisure or business purposes.
Information society: a society in which the creation, distribution, and manipulation of information has become the most significant economic and cultural activity.
Public services: a service that you can use without pay because it's funded by taxes.
Private services: a service that you pay when you use it.

Vocabulary unit 8 and 9

Barefoot: without shoes
Protective gear = protective equipement
Helmet: a piece fot protect your head
Treadmill: an exercise machine where you walk or run.

Ashamed: miserable
Dissapointed: upset
Delighted: very happy
Relatives: family members
Sibling rivalry: rivalry between brothers and sisters.

EXPRESSIONS:

I'm feeling down: feel nervous, worry and upset.
No wonder: it's obvious, you have reason.
I can't stand: I hate, I really don't want.
It's tough: it's hard/difficult
Never mind: Don't worry
Help me out: help me
Draw the line: put a limit.
Put up with: tolerate
It's up to you: depends in you.
I've got no idea: I don't know

Physical Education: Basketball warm up work

Social Sciences : Trip to Cies Islands

The bicycle

That thing was invented by Kirkpatrick Macmillan, he was a Scottish blacksmith.
The first model was developed around 1885, but many details have been improved since the use of modern materials.
It is know by a lot of people. Also this thing is used by people of all ages to move from place to place. 
Many components of it were used for the development of the car.

Social Sciences: Glossary unit 8

Mechanisation: the use of machinery in the production process.
Mining:  the process of extracting minerals from the ground.
Mineral: a naturally occurring solid chemical substance.
Fossil fuels: a tradicional energy source like coal or oil.
Industry: any economic activity that produces a service or transforms raw materials into consumer goods.
Irrigated farming: farming in which the water from groundwater, reservoirs or rivers is brought to fields.
Energy: power that comes from the utilization of physical or chemical resourcesto provide light and heat.
Biomass: organic material used as a fuel that releases energy when burn.
Managment: the people that run a company and ensure that goods and services of a high enough quality are produced and sold at competitive prices.
Worforce: the employees required to produce goods and services.
Wind turbine: a device that converts kinetic energy from the wind into mechanical energy to drive machinery (windmill/wind pump) or generate electricity (wind generator)
Solar panel: a set of solar photovotaic modules electrically connected made from a special material that converts solar energy into electricity.
Renewable energy: inexhaustible energy
Non-renewable energy: energy with limited supplies.
Traditional energy: energy sources most commonly used.
Alternative energy: energy sources that are still being developed.
Dam: a barrier built across a river to create a body of water.
Guild: an association of men sharing the same interests (example: artisans)
Heavy industry: industries that made goods that cannot be immediately consumed. They have that name because of the large quantities of resources they use.
Light industry: industries that produce goods ready for consumption. They have that name because of the relatively small size of their production.
Cutting-edge industries: industries that employed advanced technology.
Craftsperson:  a person who makes products using basic tools and manual labour.

Social Sciences: Modern Times

Modern times -Social sciences from elisabethdd

Mad about mobiles

At home....

DO and MAKE

We use make with:

1. ... a difference
2. ... a discovery
3. ... an effort
4. ... friends
5. ... money

We use do with:

1. ... our best
2. ... research
3. ... some good

Unit 4 and 5: Vocabulary

Catwalk: where the models walk to show clothes.
Stiletto: high heel.
Fashion stakes: important world of fashion.
Bum bag: a small bag with a belt.
Sloppy joe: tracksuit.
Survey: to view or consider in a comprehensive way.
Let down: to disapoint.
Highlights streaks: part of your head that you paint with a different colour.
Mohawk: hairstyle with a strip of longer hair in the center.


Dwellers: population, inhabitants.
Liveable: somewhere you can live and i'ts very confortanle.
Bias: you aren't neutral.
Playground: a park for the children where they can play.
Heating: a device for supplying heat.
Convenient: useful, practical.



The lost world
boss: chief.
branches: woody stems.
half-ape: half human, half monkey.
nod: say yes with the head.
path: way.
shook the head: say no with the head.
trap: trick.

Social Sciences: Vocabulary unit 7

Agriculture, livestock and fishing

Plot: on area of land where crops are grown.

Soil: the substance on the surface of the Earth in which plants grow, produced mainly by the weathering of rock.

Crop rotation: the practice of growing different types of crops in the same area in sequential seasons This method improves soil fertility and resistance to disease and pests.

Intensive agriculture: an agricultural system characterized by heavy investments of capital and labour. 

Extensive agriculture: an agricultural system that uses small inputs of labour, fertilisers and capital, relative to the area of land that is being farmed.

Dryland farming: farming in which the fields receive only rainwater.

Irrigated farming: farming in which water from groundwater, reservoirs or rivers is brought to fields.

Polyculture: farming system in which the land is divided up into small crops where the farmers can grow a variety of crops.

Monoculture: farming system in which farmers grow a single crop.

Greenhouses: a building, usually made of glass, for the cultivation of plants under controlled conditions.

Subsistence agriculture: a type of agriculture in which farmers only grow enough food to feed themselves and their families.

Shifting cultivation: a type of a subsistence agriculture technique that involves cutting and burning forest or savannah to create fields.

Livestock farming: farming based on rearing animals to obtain products such as meat, milk, eggs, leather, natural fertiliser and wool.

Housed livestock: livestock fed with fodder in farm buildings.

Cattle: cows livestock

Fodder: bulk feed for livestock.

Rear: to care for, breed and grow animals until maturity.

Fishing ground: an area of water that is used for fishing.

Aquaculture: an activity that consists of farming marine animals and plants in pools, ponds or enclosed areas of the coast.

Overfishing: a form of overexploitation in which you catch a lot of tones of fish before they reproduce.

Fleets: a number of warships organized as a tactical unit.

School of fish: group of fish that are together under water.

A new shop in Villamayor

Social Sciences: vocabulary unit 6

The economic organization of society

Economic activity: the different processes involved in the production and consumption of goods and services.

Economic agent: a person, group or institution involved in the economy.

Goods: tangible economic products.

Services: economic activities that are intangible.

Production: and activity that provides goods and services for consumption.

Distribution: the marketing, delivery and sale of goods and services.

Marketing: the act of researching, promoting and advertising a product or service in order to sell it.

Consumption: the use of a product or service to satisfy needs or desires.

Supply: availability of something for use or sale.

Demand: the desire to own something in the market and the willingness to pay  for it.

Inflation: a rise in a general level of prices of goods and services in the economy or a decrease in value of the purchasing power of money.

Profit: the monetary gain of a business after all expenses have been met.

Tax: a monetary contribution to the government required of people, groups, or business.

Raw material: is the basic material from which goods, finished products or intermediate materials are made.
Telecommuting: the use of home computers, telephones, etc. to enable a person to work from home.
Employer: type of worker who are the proprietors or administrators of the companies.

Employee: type of worker who carry out their work in exchange for a salary.
Self-employed: is the act of generating one's income directly from customers, clients or other organizations.
Active population: people between 16-67 years old that are employed, unemployed or looking for their first job.
Inactive population: people under 16 years old or above 67 years old, students, retired or disable people.
Disabled: people with one or more mental or/and physical impairments.
Retired: person that has left his/her work because is 67 or more years old.
Full-time contracts: work a minimum hours.(five eight-hours days)
Part-time contracts: work a few hours per week.

Idioms: 3

Idioms:
-To ask for the moon: means to take unreasonable demands for things or to wish something impossible to archieve or to obtain.
-When you hold the fort: it means that you take care of a place when the person, nomally in change, is away.
-Under the table: is a phrase used to describe secretive behaviour often suggesting corruption or illegality.
-To horse around: means to behave in a silly way making noise and causing disruption/interraption.
-When you say someone has chickened out of something: you mean they have failed to do something or they haven't tried to do it because they were afraid.
-When you say someone is a wise old owl you mean they are very experienced in life.
-A night owl: is someone who stays up late into the night.
-When you say someone is in safe hands you mean they are being cared for someone who is confident and skilled.
-A safe pair of hands: is a similar expression. It refers to someone who can be trusted to do a good job avoiding mistakes.
-If someone tells you to hold your tongue: it means they want you to stop talking because they don't like what you are saying.
-If a situation is black and white: it means you have a clear opinion about it. You can easily see what you think is right and wrong.
-The phrase money doesn't grow on trees means you must not spend too much money as there is a limited amount of it.
-The phrase money is no object: means that you have a lot of money available to spend.
-Let the chips fall where they may:means to allow things to happen no matter what the consequences are.
-When you say something is  as cheap as chips you mean it's very cheap.
-If you are chasing your tail you are very busy doing a lot of different things but not archieving very much.

My future city

Letter to a friend from Canada

Social Sciences: vocabulary unit 5

Spain: politics and territory

National sovereignty: all Spanish citizens elect the members of the Congress of Deputies, the Senate, the autonomous parliaments, the town halls and the European Parliament every four years.

Constitutional Monarchy: a system of government in which the king is the head of the state but the parliament chooses the government. The government manages the politics of the state.

The Crown: the part of a constitutional monarchy represented by the king.

Arbitrator: a person chosen to decide a dispute or settle defenses. In a constitutional monarchy, the king is the arbitrator between governmental institutions.

Decentralized Government: a system of government in which decision-making is devolved to a local level and is therefore closer to the citizens.

Motion of no confidence: is a vote which states that a person in a superior position is no longer deemed fit to hold that position.

Ministers: government officials that, together with the president, make up the Spanish cabinet.

Municipality: the most basic administrative body in the Spanish territory. It's made up of one or several settlements.

Town Council: the organization that governs each municipality in Spain.

Mayor: person that governs the town hall.

Councilors: government officials that, together with the mayor, make up the town council. They elect the mayor.

Province: an administrative body made up of several municipalities in the Spanish territory.

Self-government: a system of government in which a community or region has authority to govern itself without the intervention of any other authority.

Statute of Autonomy: a law describing the institutions, laws and responsibilities for each of the autonomous communities in the Spanish territory.

Subsidiarity: the services the municipality can provide need not to be provided by the autonomous community.

Autonomous Community: one of 17 regions that form part of the Spanish territory with its own devolved government.

Exclusive authority: local government power over laws related to town planning, housing, monuments, health care and education.

Share authority: local government and state power over laws related to transport or labor market. 

Post-industrial society: a society in which the economy has undergone a shift from the production of goods to the provision of services.

Well-being: the level of satisfaction of a population  measured by education levels, health care, life expentancy and consumption.

Life expectancy: the number of years a person or population is expected to live.

Illiteracy: unable to read and write.

Extended family: a traditional big family with grandparents, parents, children...

Nuclear family: contemporary family wth parents and children.

Single parent family: family with a mother or father and children.

Same sex marriages: marriage between two people of the same biological sex.

Is necessary the Constitution?

In my opinion I think that the Constitution is a very important thing in our country. It is the collection of the most important laws and rights in a country, where you can find how is the state organized. Without it the country will be a chaos. Everybody will do whatever he wants. We need it to be coordinated, to know how the state works. It's a guide where the politics and the people should search if they don't know something. 

The Constitution it's the essencial part of a country, the rights and duties that every person has to follow.

Fashion Magazine

"BE PRETTY",  the new glamorous magazine.

All about accessories is here. Necklaces, rings, earrings...the new collection of glasses of Dolce & Gabbana, sales in Tous...

Look the new models and glamorous celebrities.
If you want to know what is the new trendy this year, this is the perfect magazine.

Social Sciences: Vocabulary unit 4

The European Union

Ombudsman: a goverment official or body who investigates complaints by private citizens against goverment institutions.

Subsidy: a type of financing offered by a goverment.

Weakness: debility

EEC: European Economic Community

Economy of scale: the decrease in unit cost of a product or service resulting from mass production.

Currency: money, coin.

Hetreogeneous: made up of peopleor thing that are different.

Homogeneous: made up of the same kind of people or things.

GDP: Gross Domestic Product = PIB: Producto Interior Bruto

Subsidies: aid, subvention.

Budget: the total amount of money allocated for a specific purpose during a specified period = presupuesto

Investment: amount of money invested = presupuesto

Surplus: a quantity in excess of what is required. = excedente

Shipyards: a place for the building, maintenance, and repair of ships.

Outskirts: bordering areas.

Lack: falta.

Supplies: suministros.

Trade: exchange.
Free movement: the unrestricted movement of goods, services, people and capital in a common market.
Common market: a market based on commmon policies and the free movement of goods, services, people and capital.
Monetary union: the sharing of the same currency between two or more states.
Cohesion: the act of uniting or staying together.
Treaty: a formal agreement between two or more states related to international relations.
Fragmentation: when production processes occur in different phases, in different places.
Development: the act of growing or making progress.
Citizenship: the condition or status of a citizen, with its rights and duties.
Duty: an action that a person is bound to perform for moral or legal reasons.
Funds: the financial resources used by governments or political institutions for a specific purpose.
Skeptical: not convinced that something is true.
Seafaring: travelling by sea
Profitable: producing gain, benefit.
Highway-motorway: a public road that all may use - a main road for fast-moving traffic.
Hierarchy: a body of people in holy orders organized into graded ranks.
CAP: Common Agricultural Policy.
CFP: Common Fisheries Policy.

Social Sciences: Poland

Expectations for new year!

Here are my expectation for 2014

https://voicethread.com/share/5334558/